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Causes and Risk Factors of Addictions

Causes and Risk Factors of Addictions

Many of the quarters associate addiction with drug and alcohol consumption. However, this limits the extent of addictions within society. Having a better understanding of the term addiction will pave way for a more productive way of treating addictions.

Addiction is best referred to as the compulsive usage of any substance, behavior, feeling, or person with disregard for the negative physical, psychological and social consequences.

Causes of Addictions

There are several theories that propose the causes of addictions and some include the genetic predisposition; humans are born with a particular genetic predisposition to getting addicted. Other causes of addiction are mental illness and biochemicals. It has been discovered that many people are taking prescription drugs against the doctor’s knowledge to help them sleep as opposed to treating disease.

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Regardless of the cause espoused, many experts consider addictions as a disease that can be inherited. They suggest that people inherit a tendency to addictions, even when they do not become addicted to a particular substance. There are other researchers who suggest that addictions are not diseases but rather responses to pain.

Risks Factors

People of any sex, economic status, or age can become addicted. However, certain factors affect the chances of developing an addiction including a family history of addictions, being male, having other psychological problems, peer pressure, lack of parental involvement, taking highly addictive drugs, and anxiety, depression & loneliness.

Addictions are common in certain families. Therefore, if a person has a blood relative, like a sibling or parent with drug or alcohol problems they stand a higher chance of becoming a drug or alcohol addict.

Furthermore, being a man makes you twice as likely to experience drug problems. In case you have been diagnosed with another psychological problem like post-traumatic stress disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or depression, you are likely to become an addict.

Peer pressure plays a fundamental role in making people addicts. This is particularly the case among young people. Many young people are into drugs and taking alcohol as a result of being introduced by peers. The lack of parental attachment increases the chances of addiction. This often arises because there is no parental supervision.

Furthermore, taking highly addictive drugs such as cocaine and heroin has the ability to cause addiction faster. Anxiety, depression, as well as loneliness, often cause some people to become addicted. Many get addicted to porn, drugs, and alcohol as they seek to get rid of painful psychological feelings.

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Negative effects of Tobacco on Human Health

Negative effects of Tobacco are not visible immediately. Tobacco is like a slow poison. Excessive consumption of Tobacco in any form has tremendous adverse effects of human health. 

Diseases which result from Tobacco

Tobacco is one of the major culprits for Cancer, as it has almost seventy chemicals which can cause Cancer. Nearly 50% of people who consume Tobacco on regular basis, die due to health complications resulted from Tobacco consumption. Diseases which result from Tobacco use are generally related to mouth, lungs, heart and lever. Contribution to Cancer of Kidney, Bladder and Pancreas has also been noticed. Average life expectancy in tobacco consumer is also lesser, compared to others who do not consume tobacco.

The addictive nature of Tobacco is mainly due to Nicotine. Nicotine creates dependency on both the fronts, physical and psychological. Tobacco smoke contains certain molecules. This molecules cause mutations as they attach to human DNA. Ultimately over long period, this results in Cancer. These mutations may be carried forward in next generation as well.

Tobacco consumption

Tobacco exposure or consumption can be of various natures. Though smoking is the most preferred way, Chewing tobacco in various forms also contributes substantially.

Smoking has different categories and ways, Cigarettes or Cigars is being the prime. There are also local versions of the same in the form of Bidi, Hookahs etc . Non-smoking persons also consume tobacco due to smoking habits of another person. This is called as Passive smoking. It has similar adverse effects, though the intensity might be little lesser. Inhaling smoke starts its adverse effects on tooth, mouth, throat, lungs and most of the internal organs in stomach.

Many people preferred Direct chewing of Tobacco for long time. This is either in raw form or through betel leaves (Paan). Now-a-days flavored powders or a mixture of flavored items, generally terms as Gutka has taken place of Paan.

One should always remember that when negative effects of tobacco are visible, it is always too late.

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Who can become Drug Addict ?

Risk of drug addiction is basically not the same for everyone. Advances in Genealogy have reached at a stage, where we can predict a probability of whether a person can have specific disease or not. Since we treat, Drug Addiction as a disease. One may think that on similar lines, that we will able to predict whether a person can become drug addict or not. At least we can safely attach a probability to the answer. But as of today, it is not an easy prediction to be put forth.

Factors affecting probability of Drug Addiction

There are multiple factors, which govern a human mind and as a result its decision making process. Drug Addiction depends on complex machinery formed by the dual of mind and body. As we know, human body and mind matters, both are influenced by environmental factors in addition to their own structure and strength.

To predict whether a person can become Drug Addict, ultimately depends upon all these factors. Each factor adds its own weightage to the risk probability of addiction. With a combination of all such weightage, we will arrive at a probability figure, which indicate the risk of drug addiction.

Risk Factors

However there are certain risk factors which may influence the path towards drug addiction. The more risk factors a person has, the probability for consumption to  drug addiction, increases. Generally the factors which influence, risk of drug addiction are as follows :

Biology : The genes that one is born with, has maximum influence on the risk that (s)he will become drug-addict.

Environment : A person’s environment includes many different influences, from family and friends to economic status and general quality of life, moral and academic education (s)he has gone through, community and customs etc.

Development :As explained in the above point, genetic and environmental factors interact with critical developmental stages in a person’s life, to affect risk of drug addiction.